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形式主語it的用法

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1、基本用法
當不定式、動名詞、從句等用作主語時，避免頭重腳輕，通常在句首使用形式主語it，而把真正的主語放在句子末尾：
Is it necessary to tell his father everything? 有必要把這一切都告訴他父親嗎?
It’s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜沒有好處 。
It is quite clear that he has read the book. 很顯然，他讀過這本書 。
It doesn’t matter what he says. 他說什么沒關系 。
2、幾種特殊的形式主語
用作動詞look, seem, appear, happen, occur, follow等的主語(后接that從句或as if從句)：
It seems as if it is going to rain. 看來要下雨了 。
It seems that he knows everything. 他好像什么都知道 。
It (so) happened that I had no money with me. 碰巧我沒帶錢 。
From this witness it follows that he must be guilty. 根據該證人的證詞判斷，他一定有罪 。
當系表結構后接有if 或when引出的狀語從句時，通常在系表結構前使用形式主語表示說話人對某情況的看法：
It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that. 他這樣做使我很吃驚 。
It would be a tragedy if anything went wrong. 如果出了什么事就是一個悲劇 。
【形式主語it的用法】用于其他固定句型，如if it were not for…(若不是因為)，it’s time that…(該…了)等 。

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